Developing Positive Relationships And Building Class Cohesion

The learning environment Introduction: Developing positive relationships and building class cohesiveness are essential to aid the learning of students. By attending to these aspects it will ensure that you create a rich and emotionally safe climate so that learning can occur. Theme 1 - Developing positive relationships: Developing a positive relationship with students ensures a mutual respect is developed. Control trust and intimacy are viewed as core dimensions of interpersonal relationships. Students who perceived their teachers as exhibiting higher levels of ‘shared control, trust and intimacy reported greater learning’ (Dobransky Frymier, 2004). Thus proving the importance of developing a positive relationship with students within the classroom. A child identifies themselves firstly through their name. It is essential to learn your student’s names as quickly as possible. It demonstrates you are committed to getting to know everyone personally. Some strategies to do so could be to play name games e.g. attach an adjective that starts with the first letter of your name to your name (Ridiculous Rhiannon). You could also draw a seating arrangement of the class. This is what I did for my practicum class and found it helpful. An effective way to check and see if you can recall the name of your students is to write them down at home. Did you forget a student/s? Studies have shown that every class has ‘invisible children’. They are defined as the children who tend to beShow MoreRelatedHow Organizations And Communities Influence Social Change And Affect People s Behaviour?1223 Words   |  5 Pagesthe organisation is best structured to operate. Individuals play a key part in this, through developing relationships and utilising staff as resources. The reporting and authority structure establishes where accountable formal power is distributed amongst staff via managerial control ,who contextualize strengths and weaknesses in the goings-on between management, peer and external demands —Enabling positive outcomes for the organisations strategic direction, considering the demands and constraintsRead MoreEssay about Education in Sport708 Words   |  3 Pagesoriginally seen as a device for building and demonstrating character, a rather vague term that is still used as a justification for its inclusion as an important extracurricular activity in schools and colleges today. As this review will show, sport in schools have been credited with teaching values of sportsmanship and fair play to participants, increasing athletes educational aspirations, developing a sense of community and group cohesion among student, helping to reduceRead MoreThe Importance of Positive Cultural Identity Essay1159 Words   |  5 Pagesa multicultural person by first forming a positive cultural identity. Manning and Baruth (2009, p.24) defines culture as â€Å"people’s values, languages, religions, ideals, artistic expressions, patterns of social and interpersonal relationships and ways of perceiving, behaving and thinking.† However, in this paper, cultural identity also relate to race, ethnicity, gender, sexual orientation, social class and all that defines the self. Hence to have a positive cultural identity (PCI), one must be ableRead MoreOrganizational Behavior : The Department Of Human Resource And Management1524 Words   |  7 Pagesservices we provide. The agency Diversity is a â€Å"set of innate and social characteristics that differentiate and link individuals and groups†. Race mixture categories are race and ethnicity; gender/sex; sexual orientation; religion; culture and language; class, equity and welfare. Thus, a management has to be open mind and flexible; these qualities are extremely important in the workplace. A leader has the abilities of hiring the right people for specific jobs, they are responsible to build up commitmentRead MoreAgency And Social Context : The Agency s Mission2333 Words   |  10 Pagesgroup would be 90 minutes. The meetings will be scheduled in a conference room big enough to form a circle with the chairs. Group Content: Assisting the members to build a safe environment to share their concerns, thoughts and feelings, as well as developing goals, purposes, structure and guidelines for the group. Establishing trust is crucial within the members so they can feel safe enough to return after sharing. Obtaining a trusty and safe environment will facilitate interactions among members. TheRead MoreLeadership And Education : Nicholas Beers And Amanda Sullivan3316 Words   |  14 Pageseverything the developing person interacts with directly. Interpersonal relationships and settings experienced firsthand are essential factors in an individual’s development (Bronfenfrenner, 1979, p. 22). For example, if the Ecological Theory was applied to a teacher, their family, peers, and workplace would all be a part of the individual microsystems. Since teachers are likely to interact with these groups on a daily basis they need to set [[]] They could have direct impacts on the relationships with theRead MoreWhen E xamining The Role Of A Professional Nurse Leader,1677 Words   |  7 PagesWhen examining the role of a professional nurse leader, it is important to keep in mind the amount of knowledge, integrity, and conviction it takes to be a strong leader. It takes an unwavering attitude about your own beliefs and a positive outlook for your nursing unit, and what is best for everyone on your team, and your patients. There are several differences and similarities when exploring the roles of leadership and management. Each task demands fairness and strength. While one of them isRead More Bormanns Symbolic Convergence Theory Essay2369 Words   |  10 Pages Bob is not expressing a fantasy, because he is discussing the work at hand. However, if Bob admits he is going shopping after work to buy his son a bike for his seventh birthday, then he has expressed a fantasy. A fantasy chain reaction is a positive and energetic response to the initial fantasy. When Bob mentions his sons birthday, several other group members add how they must attend their sons soccer game after work, The atmosphere in the work environment has gone from serious to comfortableRead MoreEssay on Whole Foods Markets Tipping Point1223 Words   |  5 Pagesemphasize and allow information to stick in the minds of consumers. Last, the power of context stresses that both individual’s reaction and community’s cohesion can lead to epidemic. Gladwell, intelligently, collects the secret keys to successful business. Through adequately use in three crucial concepts, Whole Foods Market has successfully tipped by building dreamer’s visions, capturing customer’s attention, and investing firm’s long-term future. The organic food market tipped during the early 1980sRead MoreChapter Development Essay1744 Words   |  7 Pagesan alumna volunteer of Kappa Kappa Gamma. She is responsible for providing strategic oversight to ensure the implementation of the Five-Year New Chapter Support Plan, guiding chapter development during the first five years, and facilitating positive relationships with all volunteers supporting the new chapter. She works closely with the Coordinator of Chapter Development assigned to the new chapter. Together, they develop and implement an overall strategy for a successful establishment. Currently,

Taming Of The Shrew By William Shakespeare - 1671 Words

The idea of the contrapasso, or counter suffering, explains that punishments must arise from the sin itself, not the damage that the sin created. Dante’s Inferno expresses the contropasso through nine circles of Hell which are distinguished based upon the specific sin of a mortal being. The job of placing mortals into a particular circle of Hell can be an arduous, but given the opportunity to fulfill this task; Katherina from Shakespeare’s Taming of the Shrew displays the distinct characteristics which allow her to be placed among the sinners in the Inferno. Kate’s tragic flaw of being the shrew in the play means she personifies anger. Her anger is clearly seen at the beginning of the play, but appears to lessen during the remaining acts. On the surface it can be easy to conclude that Kate is a shrew no more and her marriage has tamed her. Shakespeare’s Taming of the Shrew contains clues which can conclude that Katherina is not tamed at the conclusion of t he play and therefore she embodies the characteristics that most closely correspond to Dante’s fifth circle of hell, Anger. In the Inferno the fifth circle of Hell is the realm where the wrathful and sullen sinners reside. Wrathful sinners are those who express their anger, and sullen sinners repress their anger. The wrathful are seen fighting each other on the surface of the river Styx and the sullen are gurgling beneath the surface of the water (Inferno, 7, 109-26). The line between what constitutes wrathful and sullenShow MoreRelatedThe Taming Of The Shrew By William Shakespeare1316 Words   |  6 Pagespatriarchy, and have conquered in achieving a worthy opinion of their genders. In the taming of the Shrew, William Shakespeare expresses the Elizabethan views of oppressive gender roles and the expectations of the submissive behavior of women. This play is about a man named Petruchio who is trying to tame a â€Å"shrew† Katharina .The play is misogynistic, which is apparent through the constant need for Petruchio to tame the shrew, Katherina, women’s dependence on men, and the ownership o f women in the play.Read MoreThe Taming of the Shrew by William Shakespeare1321 Words   |  5 PagesFrom youth we have been showered with tales of true love’s kiss and of Prince Charming breaking the Evil Queen’s curse. Time and again, we are made to see the power of love. In the play, â€Å"The Taming of the Shrew† by William Shakespeare, the renowned playwright takes love deeper than just passion. Shakespeare goes under the surface of love, all the way to its core. The story truly begins as Baptista Minola’s two daughters are readied for marriage: Bianca the sweet and innocent; Katherina the shrewdRead MoreThe Taming Of The Shrew By William Shakespeare Essay1990 Words   |  8 PagesThe Taming of the Shrew by William Shakespeare was written in the latter years of the Elizabethan Era. In this play, Shakespeare looks at the themes of womanhood, patriarchy, courtship, and marriage, which are topics prevalent in Elizabethan Era. Amongst citizens, the to pics hold strict beliefs in the public space. This play that illustrates a woman with such self-control and individualism, get forced into the life of a weak woman beholden to her husband. A once strong and domination female characterRead MoreThe Taming Of The Shrew By William Shakespeare1097 Words   |  5 Pagesbeen prevalent throughout literature. The play The Taming of the Shrew, by William Shakespeare, examines this theme by detailing the female-pursuits of 3 men, Lucentio, Hortensio, and Petruchio, and their respective methods of â€Å"seduction†. While Lucentio lies in order to attract Bianca and Hortensio elects to marry a woman simply for her wealth, Petruchio, to the surprise of the other male characters, marries a foul-tempered and sharp-tongued â€Å"shrew†, Katherine. After their wedding, Petruchio, a selfishRead MoreThe Taming Of The Shrew By William Shakespeare1181 Words   |  5 PagesThe Taming of the Shrew by William Shakespeare will appeal to Kal idasa because most of his plays are based on Puranas and this play can be used to show the values of Hindu Puranas and respect toward the deities. Hindu Puranas, ancient Indian literature about myths and legends, like Mahabharata teach the society about deed, religion, respect, knowledge, and royalty. Kalidasa can use Shakespeare’s play to reteach Mahabharata’s values, since the play presents themes of wealth, gender role, religiousRead MoreThe Taming Of The Shrew By William Shakespeare1612 Words   |  7 Pagespast, women were oppressed because they were not allowed to work and control aspects of their lifestyle, such as working themselves, rather they were forced to marry and depend on their spouses. William Shakespeare chose to present this concept through Katherina’s character in the play The Taming of The Shrew. Throughout the play, Katherina is seems to be untamable due to the manner in which she is first introduced, her attitude changes too abruptly for it to be convincing, and that she is either puttingRead MoreThe Taming Of The Shrew By William Shakespeare1255 Words   |  6 PagesIn the play The Taming of the Shrew by William Shakespeare, it focuses on two sisters who must get married however, the oldest must get married first. Here, Shakespeare presents to the audience, Katharina Minola. Katharina is portrayed as an outspoken and stubborn woman. In the play, Kate cannot find a husband because of her aggressive personality, the men speak negatively about her and believe she is not a fit woman to marry. Although, in the play it may seem like Kate will never find a husbandRead MoreThe Taming Of The Shrew By William Shakespeare Essay1596 Words   |  7 PagesIn William Shakespeare’s The Taming of the Shrew, it is an epic battle of the sexes. In the era that this play was written (Elizabethan), women were told what to do, how to act, and who to be. That is why Katherine is such a fascinating yet confusing character in this play. In this piece, the protagonist Kate is very complex and has many different, unique sides to her personality, which is frowned upon in this time. Before Katherine even spoke in this play she was this horrible, shrewish girl. WhenRead MoreTaming Of The Shrew By William Shakespeare Essay2088 Words   |  9 PagesPetruchio’s Change In the play Taming of the Shrew, written by William Shakespeare, many characters are reshaped and given new personality traits. Petruchio is known as being a cocky man who intends to help tame a shrewish young lady named Kate. There are many critics that believe Petruchio is solely obnoxious and a bully but through out his interactions with Kate it is shown that he truly cares about the well being of others. Of course at the beginning of Petruchio’s plan to tame a young ladyRead MoreEssay on The Taming of the Shrew by William Shakespeare1088 Words   |  5 Pages The Taming of the Shrew, written by William Shakespeare, is historical proof that flirting and temptation, relating to the opposite sex, has been around since the earliest of times. Because males and females continue to interact, the complications in this play remain as relevant and humorous today as they did to Elizabethan audiences. This is a very fun play, full of comedy and sexual remarks. Its lasting impression imprints itself into the minds of its readers, for it is an unforgettable

Seen from the responsibilities definitions only, the...

Seen from the responsibilities definitions only, the objective shown in Figure 1 presents the advantages of defining an attainable objective and within the scope of the responsible authority actions in the evaluation. Nevertheless there are intrinsic limitations if people in charge of the operations and actions of the programs didn ´t use the information granted by the evaluations themselves and therefore the final result of social policy could very null or very restricted. Furthermore, if evidence in the prevailing context is unable to lead to action, its utility and the existence of an evaluation area is under doubt. As it is shown in the figure, under this conceptualization the offered product in this model by the evaluation areas, as a†¦show more content†¦The first of these objectives is clearly represented in Figure 1. Innovation consists in the inclusion of the element referred to management of evidence and use of evidence as a fundamental part for its final goals. These two elements offer a wider view of the ME function and offers a different dimension to DGSE. Added innovations by the DGSE The logic sequence for tooling processes of a policy within a results based management model in a conceptual manner includes: i. A diagnosis for the problem to be solved ii. Process of planning and establishment of goals iii. Design of policy tools and interventions needed to achieve goals iv. Financial flow to realizing actions v. Execution of actions vi. Measurement and evaluation of the intervention effect vii. Feedback for planning process to improve strategies and procedures aligned with evaluations results as well as for developing improvements in the plans using evidence viii. Improvement plans tooling including changes and adjustments resulting from the evaluation ix. Measurement and evaluation of the improvement effects x. Evolve towards point (iii) in order to establish a continuous improvement process Traditional model presented in Figure 1 includes points (i) through (iv) of the latter list. In some casesShow MoreRelatedLogic And Logic Of Computer Science And Computers1355 Words   |  6 Pagesgeneral. A historical background behind logic and Logical reasoning is firstly given, followed by an overview of the modern subject and the types it’s divided into. The types are then explained. The overlap between the field of logic and that of computer science is also given an explanation. The report ends with a brief overview on the subject and its tie to computer science and computing. 2. History of Logic and Reasoning 2.1 Logic in Greece and Europe The term â€Å"Logic† hails from the ancient Greek wordRead MoreIntro to Logic821 Words   |  4 Pages1. The following argument violates some principles of well-crafted arguments: While 1[there is much wickedness in the world,] 2[then there is also much good.] For 3[if there is evil, then there must be good,] since 4[good and evil are relative, like big and small.] And no one will deny that 5[evil exists.] Answer questions ‘a’ to ‘e’ below from the passage above. A) Write a well-crafted version of the argument, replacing the emotionally loaded verbiage with more neutral language. 1. TheRead MoreThe Process Of Deduction Logic1106 Words   |  5 Pagesobservation. One conventionally accepted method is through deductive logic. Deductive logic is research that begins with a theory and arrives at a specific expectation through a series of scientific steps. Both explanatory and exploratory techniques can be used in deductive. In contrast, inductive methods, in which researchers examine specific data sets and detect general patterns, are considered non-traditional. In inductive logic, â€Å"the identification of empirical patterns result in a generalizationRead MoreSyllogisms Logic Essay679 Words   |  3 PagesUniversity of Phoenix Material Syllogisms Logic PART I: SYLLOGISMS To be a valid syllogism, the conclusion must be proven by the reasons. Carefully study the following syllogisms and decide if they are valid or invalid: 1. All zebras are striped animals. No zebras are polar bears. Therefore, no polar bears are striped animals. 2. All clowns are funny individuals. Some sad people are clowns. Therefore, some sad people are funny individuals. 3. Some stickyRead More Nature and Logic Essay1025 Words   |  5 Pages Philosophy 103: Introduction to Logic The Nature of Logic Abstract: Some of the uses of logic are illustrated, and deductive arguments are briefly distinguished from inductive arguments. I. Logic is the study of the methods and principles used in distinguishing correct from incorrect reasoning. B. Logic differs from psychology in being a normative or a prescriptive discipline rather than a descriptive discipline. 1. I.e., it prescribes how one ought to reason; its not concerned with how oneRead MoreWhy Reason And Logic?901 Words   |  4 Pages Reason and Logic From the mundane to abnormal reason and logic plays a major role in every function of our lives, in helping us clearly gain knowledge of the things that are occurring. Reason is the fundamental guideline of understanding. It is the method of identifying entities through one s sensesit helps us transform perceptions into concepts, gaining knowledge through this process, integrating that knowledge into the rest of one s knowledge, and evaluating and manipulating ideasRead MoreLogic Models1480 Words   |  6 PagesEverything You Wanted to Know About Logic Models But Were Afraid to Ask This paper addresses situations where a private foundation designs an initiative and awards grants to a number of sites to participate in the initiative in their local setting. The basic ideas are applicable to other situations. What is a Logic Model? The term logic model comes from the evaluation field, but these models don’t just belong to evaluators or the evaluation plan. As the term suggests, they are a basicRead More Nature of Logic and Perception Essays1127 Words   |  5 PagesNature or Logic and Perception Outline: 1. Definition of logic and its connection with critical thinking. 2. An everyday example is given when use of logic and critical thinking takes place. 3. Nature of logic defined. 4. Perceptual shortcuts and factors influencing it. 5. How these shortcuts affect our decisions. 6. My personal experience of perceptual shortcut. 7. What I learned from this experience. 8. Importance of logic and critical thinking. 9. Read More The Influence of Logic and Perception Essay698 Words   |  3 PagesThe Influence of Logic and Perception The online website, dictionary.com, defines logic as the study of the principles of reasoning, especially of the structure of propositions as distinguished from their content and of method and validity in deductive reasoning. (http://dictionary.reference.com/) This same website defines critical thinking as the mental process of actively and skillfully conceptualizing, applying, analyzing, synthesizing, and evaluating information to reach an answer or conclusionRead More The Nature of Logic and Perception Essay698 Words   |  3 Pageshow we think. How did we come to a certain conclusion or perception? This paper will explain the nature of logic to critical thinking. Also covered will be my own perceptual process and a description of the types of blocks that influence my views. It is the ability to hone the thinking skills necessary to become a well-rounded contributor to a society or an organization. The nature of logic to critical thinking begins at an early age. From the time one learns the difference between hot and cold

Essay on Suspected Child Abuse and the Teacher´s Role in...

Teachers Role in Reporting Suspected Child Abuse nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;The maltreatment and neglect of children and youth has increasingly come to be perceived as a social blight. As with most social problems, child abuse influences our school systems. Children that are being emotionally, physically and sexually abused often use school as a cop out. These children spend around thirty hours a week in a safe, enjoyable and carefree environment, however within these thirty hours teachers must be taking the time to make observations. Teachers have the ability to compare current behaviors with peers, norms and past behaviors of their students. Therefore, teachers are an important role in reporting cases of child abuse or maltreatment.†¦show more content†¦In a study conducted by McIntyre (1990), twenty-one percent of the teachers that participated in the study reported that they would not be able to see signs of physical abuse. The majority of participant stated they would be able to notice the signs of abuse if these signs were made obvious. Physical signs of physical abused are not always noticeable; the perpetrator will often cover up any physical sign. This means that teachers have to pay more attention to the psychological signs of physical abuse. Psychological signs may include extreme wariness of parents or adults, watchfulness, apprehensiveness when others cry or complete wariness of physical contact. If the perpetrator covers the physical factors, teachers need to become more aware of the psychological signs of physical abuse. nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp; The willful infliction of mental suffereing, by a person in a position of trust with an elder, constitutes emotional abuses. Verbal assaults, threats, instilling fear, humiliation, intimidation, or isolation from an elder are all cases of emotional abuse (Cates amp; Markell, 1995). When a chid is being emotionally abuse, signs are generally psychological rather then physical. Teachers must be able to notice the pyschological signs of emotional abuse in order to asses the situation. In a study done by MacIntyre (1990) twenty eight percent of the teachers that partcipated in study said they were completely unaware of any types of sings of emotional abuse. ThusShow MoreRelatedChild Abuse And Neglect Of The United States1175 Words   |  5 PagesChild Abuse and Neglect in the United States David is a 10 years-old boy doing his homework at the kitchen table. The homework consisted of mathematical problems, a short reading and answer question, and memorizing the 50 Capitals of the United States. All the assignments for homework were due on Friday morning, so he quickly finished his homework so he could get to bed. Around 10:00 pm, David’s father came home from work, checked his son’s homework and saw many errors. He immediately went up toRead MoreChild Abuse Is Important For Numerous Reasons Essay1499 Words   |  6 PagesUnited States, one in seven children are abused at some point during their childhood (Bartol Bartol, 2014). Child abuse is when a parent, legal guardian or caregiver fails to act or through their actions causes injuries, death, emotional harm, sexual harm or death to a child. Abuse can be divided into four categories: physical abuse, sexual abuse, emotional abuse, and neglect. Child abuse prevention is important for numerous reasons. So me of the reason includes, adverse childhood experience affectRead More The Role of the Teacher in Reporting Cases of Child Abuse and Neglect2402 Words   |  10 PagesChild abuse is a growing problem that affects children of all genders, ages, races, religions, and classes. It generally can be defined as â€Å"the non-accidental physical, sexual or mental injury or neglect caused by basic omissions of the child’s parents or caretakers†(Colorado State Department of Education, 1998). Narrowing the causes of child abuse to one in particular would be impossible, due to the wide range of factors that contribute. Today, teachers hold an important and unique position,Read MoreChild Abuse And Its Effects On Children Essay1560 Words   |  7 PagesChild abuse is a major issue in society and is affecting many students. â€Å"Child abuse is when a parent or caregiver causes injury, death, emotional harm or risk of serious harm to a child. There are many forms of child malt reatment, including neglect, physical abuse, sexual abuse, exploitation and emotional abuse† (Supporting Victims of Child Abuse). A report of child abuse is made every ten seconds. Child abuse can affect children’s development and can affect them in school. Teachers play a majorRead MorePreventing Child Abuse By Donna J. Stone984 Words   |  4 Pages Prevent Child Abuse America is one of my top list organizations that makes a really big difference to preventing child abuse. The Prevent Child Abuse America is the organization founded in 1972 by Donna J. Stone. Their mission is â€Å"to prevent the abuse and neglect of our nation s children.† This organization helped and saved many innocent lives who suffered from abuse. They offer children to be able to stand again and seek better opportunity despite of being a victim of child abuse. They haveRead MoreThe Dilemma Of Successes And Failures Within Child Protective Services1812 Words   |  8 PagesDilemma of Su ccesses and Failures Within Child Protective Services In May of 2013, eight year old Gabriel Fernandez was failed by the Los Angeles County Department of Children and Family Services. After multiple reports were filed and subsequently ignored, the eight-year-old was repeatedly abused by his mother and her boyfriend, up until the day of his death (Karlamangla). Child Protective Services is a government run agency that deals with reports of child abuse in the United States. A majority ofRead MoreChild Abuse And Neglect Of The United States That Should Demand Direct Attention Essay1187 Words   |  5 PagesStatement Child abuse and neglect is a significant problem in the United States that should demand direct attention. There are approximately three million child abuse reports made each year, and these reports involve more than six million children. Out of four to five children that die daily, 70 percent are under three years of age. There are 90 percent of cases involving of children who know who know their perpetrator. The main factors of child abuse are physical, emotional, and sexual abuse. In manyRead MoreElder And Child Abuse : Children And The Elderly Essay1334 Words   |  6 Pages Elder and Child Abuse Trina Gaston Lurleen B Wallace-ADN Program Mrs. Joy Butler Mental Health Clinical Instructors September 21, 2016 Elder and Child Abuse Children and the elderly are a dependent demographic. Their dependence on their caregivers for sustenance makes them vulnerable to abuse. Abuse can manifest in two forms physical and non-physical abuse. While the victims of aggressive attacks are easily identifiable leading to appropriate actions taken against the culprits,Read MoreBecoming a Mandated Reporter1229 Words   |  5 PagesUnit 6 Project: Child abuse and what it takes to be a mandated reporter Kaplan University CM 107-27 1. Introduction: A What is a Mandated Reporter B. Profession that are to report child abuse 2. What is child abuse ? A) What are the different types of child abuse? B) Physical Abuse, Sexual Abuse Maltreatment and child neglect 3) What are the steps in reporting child abuse A) Keeping it confidential B) State regulation on how to report C) How to deal with parents on notification Read MoreThe Effects of Domestic Violence on Children Essay examples1577 Words   |  7 Pagesbehaviors such as withdrawal and depression (Child Welfare Information Gateway, 2009). In future relationships, studies have shown that boys are twice as likely to become abusers when they become adults and girls are more likely to enter abusive relationships. Domestic violence also greatly impacts the family structure and the relationships between the members. Domestic violence threatens both the relationship between the child and their mother and the child and their father. Children who are exposed

General Electric Free Essays

Factors affecting Demand of Pepsi( Cold drink) (1)Changes in the Price (2)Changes in consumers’ Income spent on goods and services (3)Changes in the Tastes/Preferences of consumers for goods/services (4)Changes in the Prices of related goods and services: Substitutes and Complements 5) changes in interest rates and the general availability of credit. Many households finance consumption through borrowing. If interest rates rise, demand contracts for many goods and services; particularly housing. We will write a custom essay sample on General Electric or any similar topic only for you Order Now 6) Natural disasters (storms, hurricanes, earthquakes, tornadoes, floods etc) ) Advertising can have a market effect on demand. Indeed, producers of PEPSI that are close substitutes generally spend large amounts on advertising, reminding consumers that their product is †better† than the opposition’s product. (Whether or not this is reality true, of course is another matter). 8) Seasonal changes. For example, demand for Cold drinks rises in warmer weather, and falls in the colder months of the year. If price only changes, the demand curve for a good or service will not shift. Instead, there will be a movement along the demand curve. If price rises, demand will contract; less will be purchased in a given period of time. If price falls, demand will expand, and more will be bought in a given period of time. The demand curve will shift to the left or right, if other factors, other from price, change. Factors Affecting Supply Of a Product . * Expectation of future price * When producers expect higher prices in the future commodities, the tendency is to keep their goods and release them when the price rises. * ? Change in the price of related goods * Changes in the price of goods have a significant effect in the supply of such goods. Government subsidies * Subsidies or the financial aids/assistance given by the government reduces cost of production which encourages more supply. * Number of firms in the market * An increase in the number of firms in the market leads to an increase in supply of goods and services. Nature of elasticity in terms of Income The degree to which a demand for a good changes with respect to a c hange in income depends on whether the good is a necessity or a luxury. The demand for necessities will increase with income, but at a slower rate. This is because consumers, instead of buying more of only the necessity, will want to use their increased income to buy more of a luxury. During a period of increasing income, demand for luxury products tends to increase at a higher rate than the demand for necessities. Nature of elasticity in terms of Price Price elasticity of supply measures the relationship between change in quantity supplied and a change in price. If supply is elastic, producers can increase output without a rise in cost or a time delay If supply is inelastic, firms find it hard to change production in a given time period. Major competitors ;Type of market (structure) it competes in (give reasons as to your opinion) Major Competitor is COCA COLA and all other different Soft drinks made locally It competes in many products as compare to Coca cola its products are * Aquafina * Pepsi * Mountain Dew * Sierra Mist * Sobe * Lipton Brisk Tea * MUG Root Beer * Slice * Gatorade * Dole Juice * Tropicana Pepsi is purely a M onopoly One seller dominates the market with no close substitutes. Natural Monopoly – efficient production by a single supplier PRICING STRATEGY OF â€Å"PEPSI† In Pakistan Pepsi cola is being operated by Pakistan Beverages. Pepsi is available in the majority of  stores, outlets, restaurants, and hotels. It has a huge market of customers. Basically it is segmented for theyounger generation of Pakistan but because of its customized offerings it is being consumed by differentage groups in our society. The company has offered Pepsi in different quantities and prices in our market. Its market oriented statement is â€Å"Dare for more†Ã‚   PRICES QUANTITY 12 Rs250ml 20Rs 300ml 20 Rs500ml 40Rs1. 5 lit 55 Rs2. 25 lit. In our society Pepsi often reduces its prices during the holy month of Ramadan and at the time of Eid. In this way they adopt promotional pricing strategy. Even if you notice on their offerings they are using  product-line pricing strategy as they are offering different quantities with different amount of money. Indifferent sectors Pepsi have also adopted segmented pricing strategy as its prices are much higher in luxurious hotels and other sectors. Its main competitor is Coca-cola when it comes to soft-drinks. Coca-cola have also made various efforts through different pricing strategies and offerings but Pepsi have alsoresponded effectively towards their actions through initiating price cuts at the right time for example. In the month of Ramadan whenever Coca-cola reduces their prices Pepsi also responds through price cuts and then eventually after that period it rises its prices. However buyer’s reactions have not been much affected the company in the long-run. Pepsi have always operated their sales through promotional and  phsycological pricing strategy and the great example for this can be their recently offered deal which is 2. 25 litre in 50 Rs. How to cite General Electric, Essay examples

Principles of Financial Markets Peromance Evaluation

Question: Describe about the Report for Principles of Financial Markets and it's Peromance Evaluation . Answer: Introduction: Company peromance evaluation and monitoring is important from the perspective of many different stakeholders. There are various methods to analyse the companies.This report carries out the top down and bottom up analysis of the Rex (Regional Express) and Virgin Australia. The Top-down analysis discusses about the economic, industry, and company analysis. The economic analysis includes the different kind of economic indicators such as interest rate, inflation, GDP, and value of the currency that affect the profitability of Rex and Virgin Australia. In industry and company analysis the internal and external factors are discussed that affect the performance of both companies. The bottom-up analysis of Rex and Virgin Australia presents the financial performance of the Rex and Virgin Australia through the analysis of different ratios such as liquidity, profitability, efficiency, capital structure, and market performance ratio. These ratios are used to determine the performance and profitability of the compan y Companys history and mission statement: Rex Airlines: The Rex (Regional Express) is Australia's largest regional airline company. It was established in the year 2002, when Australian airlines acquired Kendell and Hazelton airlines. The Rex operates its business in different countries for the providing the facility of transportation. The total revenue of Rex in the year 2016 is 261,906 ($000). The mission statement of the company is We are committed to providing our customers with safe and reliable air transportation with heartfelt hospitality. As a regional carrier, we constantly strive to keep fares low through our commitment to simplicity, efficiency, and good value. We are committed to treating our customers as individuals and will respond to all their comments and complaints (Regional Express, 2016). Virgin Australia: Virgin Australia was launched in the year 2000, as Virgin blue. The Virgin Australia is the second largest airline company in Australia. The company provides its services in 29 Australian cities and the revenue of the company in year 2015 is AU$4.7 billion. The mission statement of Virgin Australia is our mission to become Australias favorite airline group by building on our loyal customer base (Virgin Australia, 2015). Top-down Analysis of Rex and Virgin Australia: Top-down analysis is a tool of the macro analysis of the organization that includes the economy analysis, sector analysis, and company analysis. This analysis helps the investors in selection of stock portfolio, which described below: Economy analysis: Economic analysis is a systematic approach that includes the external factors of the economy, which affects the performance of the organization. Along with this, economic factors are inflation rate, interest rate, the value of currency, and GDP. Inflation rate: Inflation rate is an important factor of an economy that indicates a rate at which price of goods and services are rising and the power of the currency is decreasing. The rate of inflation in Australia was 1% and 1.5% in the year 2016 and 2015 respectively. This shows that in the year 2016 the rate of inflation is lower in comparison to year 2015 (Trading Economics, 2016). Through this, Australia airline service industry can take the benefit of low inflation rate such as airline companies Rex and Virgin Australia purchases more airline product and services for their development. Interest rate: the Interest rate is a rate that a borrower paid to the lender for the use of lenders funds. The current rate of interest in Australia is 1.5% in the year 2016 and 2% in the year 2015, which is decreases in year 2016 (Reserve Bank Australia, 2016). So, airlines companies can achieve the benefit of the low-interest rate by the using funds in its operations. Current value of $AUD: the current value of 1$ AUD is equal to 0.7514 USD, which depicts that the value of Australian dollar is less in comparison to US dollar. This has the both positive and negative impact on the whole Australia airline industry (X rates, 2016). Due to decrease in the exchange rate, the profit of both the companies Rex and Virgin Australia is going down because exchange rate affects the price of fuel, which has a greater impact on both companies airfares. Current GDP: Gross domestic product is a quantitative measurement tool that measures the total economic activities of a country. The current GDP rate of Australia is 3.1% in year 2016 that is higher in comparison to year 2015. This higher GDP rate shows that the economic activities of Australia are increases (Scutt, 2016). Along with this, the Australian service industry has 68% contribution in its GDP. The revenue of Rex and virgin Australia is increasing that has greater impact on the Australian GDP and disposable income. Due to this, the demand of Rex and Virgin Australias air travel are increasing rapidly. Industry analysis: Porters Five Forces Analysis of the Airlines Industry in the Australia It helps to determine the industrys strength and weakness. It represents the industry structure of an organization. This porters five forces are used to determine that which products, service, and business give profit to the company. It too helps to understand about competitive market, position and strength or weakness about themselves, while strength or weakness of competitor. Bargaining power of buyers: The bargaining power of buyers will be high if the buyers have the alternative option and if buyers dont have many options to chose then bargaining power will low. The Two type of buyers travels in the flights. First, those travel individually. Moreover, these type of buyers purchases ticket due to many reasons that can be business related or personal (Moreno et al, 2015). They purchase the tickets from the specific airlines. Second types of buyers buy tickets through the travel agency or online portals. Organization keeps low switching cost system just because many buyers choose the flight based on distance, area, and cost at the time. Every airline has a niche, few airlines concentrate on cost, while others focus on the facilities and features. Buyers always get information and detail that what are provided during traveling in the flight and focus on safety and cost. Bargaining power of suppliers: Airline industry is affected by various elements such as fuel, aircraft, and labor. The price of Fuel fluctuates according to the global market and geopolitical factors. Along with this, labor affects the bargaining power of supplier due to the reason of employees and unionism (Halpern and Graham, 2013). Third, manufacturers play a vital role in bargaining power because airline depends on the manufacturers of aircraft such as biggies, Airbus, and Boeing. This is the reason of the power of suppliers, high and low power depends on these elements. Entry and exit barriers: The airline industry required a huge capital to enter in the market and whenever airlines have to exit from the market, they have to bear high losses. It can be said that enter and exit both are barriers for the airline industry. For entering into the industry needs huge capital with sophisticated knowledge and experience. It is too difficult to exit the industry because of investing huge capital. Existing airline can drive its business with low level rather than exit, when the assets are specialized. The threat of substitute: There are no substitute threats for the airline industry in the Australia. Furthermore, consumers do not journey by the bus or train. It means that flying is a normal travelling phenomenon for the Australian consumers. The substitutes train and bus dont impact on airlines industry. Rivalry among competitor: Airlines industry has many competitors in the Australia. Because, low cost carriers, strict regulation of the industry wherein safety becomes high priority, which leads to high operating expenses. Apart from this, supply side is more than demand side in airline industry. Competitors have to do different things to get competitive advantage (Farabi, 2012). Due to competition, an airlines company has declined their cost and provides unique services, which are never provided by other airlines. Company analysis: Company analysis is the analysis of the organizations internal environment, which describes the strengths and weakness of the organization. The Rex has the strong brand image and market share in Australia through the implementing CSR activities. Along with this, the management team of Rex Airline is also able in reducing the cost of the company and expanding its business through the identifying new routes where company can provide its services. Another, strengths of the Rex is its parent company Australian Airline pilot academy that provides an in house supply of pilots to company (Virgin Australia, 2015). Apart from this, Virgin Australia also has the good brand image because it operates its business at global level and company is on first rank in service delivery on time. This increases the market share and profitability of company. Furthermore, Virgin provides high quality services to its customers at low prices that make company different from its competitors brands. On the other hand, Rex Airlines has the some weaknesses that affect the performance of the company. The history of Australian airline industry is negative that force Rex and Virgin to deliver discounted services. The Rex airlines are not able in maintaining its operating costs such as airport cost and jet fuel prices that increase the cost and affects the profitability of company (Regional Express, 2014). But Virgin airlines focus on its operating costs that increase the brand image and profitability of Virgin in Australia. Moreover, the cost of employees turnover is respectively high in Virgin Australia in comparison of Rex Airline. Bottom up Analysis of Rex and Virgin Australia: Name of ratio (Rex) Regional express (2016) $ m Virgin Australia (2016)$ m Industry average Liquidity ratio: current ratio = Current assets / current liabilities 1.034249385 0.6164832 0.59 Current Assets 60,516 1,713,700 Current Liabilities 58,512 2,779,800 Quick ratio = current assets - inventories/ current liabilities 0.311320755 0.599961148 0.54 Current Assets 60,516 1,713,700 Current Liabilities 58,512 2,779,800 Inventory 42,300 45,928 Profitability ratio: Gross profit margin = gross profit/ revenue * 100 35.29641987 79.56555749 Gross profit 91,087 3,966,900 revenue 258,063 4,985,700 Net profit margin= net profit / revenue * 100 3.703359257 5.232966284 5.35% Net profit 9,557 260,900 revenue 258,063 4,985,700 Operating profit margin ratio = Operating profit / revenue * 100 10.87137637 5.862767515 Operating profit 28,055 292,300 revenue 258,063 4,985,700 Efficiency Ratio: Trade receivable turnover ratio=average trade receivable/ revenue *365 11.34618291 18.52412381 18.465 average trade rec. 8,022 223 cost of sale 258,063 4,394 Sale revenue to capital employed = sales revenue / capital employed 4.458971922 1.528886845 sales revenue 258,063 4,985,700 capital employed 57875 3261000 Capital structure ratio: Debt to equity ratio = total liabilities / total equity * 100 145.3422292 662.5863771 183.76 Total liabilities 271,867 6,040,800 Total equity 187,053 911,700 Capital Gearing ratio = long term debt / capital employed * 100 51.16198704 64.37289175 Long term debt 29,610 2,099,200 Capital employed 57875 3261000 Market Performance ratio: Earnings per share= net income available to shareholder/weighted average share outstanding*100 4.406299852 7.399999319 39.53% net income available to shareholder 9,557 260,900 weighted average share outstanding 216,894 3,525,676 Price earnings ratio= MPS/EPS 4.22 3.42 5.94% Market price per share 0.76 0.24 Earning price per share 0.18 0.07 Liquidity ratio: Liquidity ratio helps in measuring the capacity of company for paying its debt. Current ratio: Current ratio indicates the relationship between companys current assets and current liabilities. Along with this, it also measures the liquidity of the company for paying its short term and long term obligations (Gibson, 2012). As above table the current ratio of Rex and Virgin Australia is 1.03 and .616 for year 2016. It states that the current ratio of the Rex is higher than Virgin Australia, which shows that the ability of Rex is high to meet its short term obligations. Quick ratio: Quick ratio indicates the liquidity position of the company to meet its short term liabilities. The quick ratio of Rex is .311 and quick ratio of Virgin Australia is .599 respectively in year 2016. It shows that the quick ratio of virgin Australia is higher than Rex (Morningstar, 2016); it indicates that the liquidity position of Virgin Australia is good to meet its short term liabilities. Profitability ratio: Profitability ratio measures the efficiency of the company to create the profit from its operation activities. Here, two type of ratio are calculated for determining the profitability of Rex and Virgin Australia, which are as below: Gross profit margin ratio: Gross profit margin ratio indicates the ability of company to meet its future liabilities. On the basis of above table the gross profit ratio of Rex and virgin Australia is 35.29 and 79.56 respectively in year 2016. Here, the ratio of the virgin Australia is higher than the Rex, which indicates that Virgin is highly able to meet its future liabilities (Lasher, 2013). Therefore, Virgin performs its regular activities smoothly to meet future responsibilities more effectively. Net profit margin ratio: Net profit ratio measures the net income of the company by managing its expenses. The net profit of company can increase through the cutting down cost and generating more profit. Above table indicates that the net profit ratio of Rex and Virgin Australia for year 2016 is 3.70 and 5.23 respectively. It shows that the ratio of Rex is low in comparison of Virgin (Rex, 2016). For the increasing the ratio company should maintain its expenses and reduces its operations cost. Operating profit margin ratio: Operating profit ratio helps the company in determine its pricing strategy. The high operating profit ratio indicates that the strong financial position of company from the cutting down its operating expenses (Drake and Fabozzi, 2012). In the above table operating profit margin ratio of Rex is higher than Virgin Australia. It shows that pricing strategy of Virgin is not effective and company is not able to maintain its operating cost. Apart from this, Rex can increase its operating profit by the cutting down its operating expenses. Efficiency Ratio: Company invests capital in various assets to get profit and generate sales. This ratio measures the efficiency of the assets (Gibson, 2012). Furthermore, efficiency ratio shows the ability of organization to convert its assets into profit. Trade Receivable turnover ratio: This ratio shows the portion of credit sale which are not collected. On the basis of above table, the trade receivable turnover ratio of Rex is 11.34618291and virgin Australia is 18.52. From this analysis, it can be said that virgin Australias efficiency to collect payment is better than regional express. Sales revenue to capital employed: Sale revenue to capital employee ratio of regional express is 11.34 and virgin Australia is 18.54. This revenue represents the efficiency of the company in generating profit and sales from assets. High sale revenue ratio is more effective than the low sale revenue ratio (Morningstar, 2016). The sales revenue to capita employed of regional express is less than the virgin Australia; it is showing that that Virgin Australia is more capable to make profit and sales as compared to Regional Express. Capital Structure Ratio: Capital structure ration calculates for measuring the long-term paying capacity and financial position of the company. These ratios are calculated to know the paying capacity, when company gives regular interests and dividends. Debt to equity ratio: This ratio plays a vital role in the company to know about paying capacity to long term loan and get more loan. Debt to equity ratio of regional express is 145.3422 whereas the virgin Australia is 662.5863771. Furthermore, this ratio measures the financial risk of the organization. Financial risk of the virgin Australia is more than regional express because, its ratio is higher than regional express. Capital gearing ratio: The capital-gearing ratio of regional express is 51.16 and virgin is 64.372. Apart from this, it indicates the proportion of fixed cost and the equity capital. If organization has, high gearing ratio than it would be good for the organization because, it shows that organization has incurred low cost (Rex, 2016). It can be said that capital-gearing ratio of regional express is not better than virgin Australia. Market performance ratio: Market performance ratio measures the market performance of the company and it also describes the earning of shareholders by investment activity. Along with this, for analyzing the market performance of Rex and Virgin Australia, earning per share and price earnings ratio is discussed as below: Earnings per share ratio: Earning per share ratio measures the market performance and profitability of the organization. It also shows the net income of the shareholders that is earned per share (Madura, 2011). From the above analysis can be determined that the earning per share ratio of Virgin is higher in comparison of Rex, which is 7.36 and 4.40 respectively in year 2016. It means the profitability of virgin is excellent that influence the investors towards the company. Price earnings ratio: Price earnings ratio describes the relationship between earning per share and price earnings ratio. The price earnings ratio of Rex and Virgin for the year 2016 is 4.22 and 3.42 respectively (Rex, 2016). It shows that the price earnings ratio of Rex is higher than the Virgin, which helps the Rex in determining the future market price of shares. Conclusion: On the basis of above report, it can be concluded that Economic factor of the Australia affects the financial performance of both companies. Decrease in the inflation rate increases the profitability of both airlines company. Apart from this, the rate of interest in Australia is decreases that affect the profitability of company and due to decrease in the value of $AUD the profit of both the company is decreasing. The virgin and Rex has good brand image in market due to using cost effective strategy and implementing CSR activities. On the other hand, on the basis of Bottom up analysis it is analyzed that Profitability and efficiency ratio of the Virgin Australia is higher in comparison of Rex. This indicates that the financial position of Virgin is better than Rex. Recommendation: Rex and Virgin Australia should try to maintain flexibility in their operating activities that can reduce the cost of company. Along with this, company should change its strategy according to change in the government policies, rules and regulations such as change in interest rate, inflation rate, GDP, and value of $AUD. This can increases the profitability of both the companies by the reducing their cost. From the above analysis it is found that the profitability of Rex is lower so it should focus on cutting down its expenses. Further, company should collect its debt from the market quickly that will improve its liquidity position. Reference: Drake, P. and Fabozzi, F. (2012) Analysis of Financial Statements. USA: John Wiley Sons. Farabi, Y. (2012) Analysis of Marketing Environment of Virgin Australia. Germany: GRIN Verlag. Gibson, C. (2012) Financial Reporting and Analysis. USA: Cengage Learning. Halpern, N. and Graham, A. (2013) Airport Marketing. UK: Routledge. Lasher, W. (2013) Practical Financial Management . USA: Cengage Learning. Madura, J., (2011)International financial management. Australia: Cengage Learning Moreno, L., Ramon, A. and Pedreno, A. (2015) The Development of Low-cost Airlines and Tourism as a Competitiveness Complement or: Effects, Evolution and Strategies.Journal of Spatial and Organizational Dynamics,3(4), pp.262-274. Morningstar (2016) Virgin Australia Holdings Ltd. [Online]. Available at: https://financials.morningstar.com/ratios/r.html?t=VAH (Accessed on 15 September 2016). Regional Express (2014) ANNUAL REPORT FOR THE FINANCIAL YEAR ENDED 30 JUNE 2014 REGIONAL EXPRESS HOLDINGS LIMITED. [Online]. Available at: https://www.rex.com.au/AboutRex/InvestorRelations/img/AR_FY1314.pdf (Accessed on 15 September 2016). Regional Express (2016) Value statement. [Online]. Available at: https://www.rex.com.au/AboutRex/OurCompany/ValueStatement.aspx (Accessed on 15 September 2016). Reserve Bank Australia (2016) Interest Rate Decisions 2016. [online]. Available at: https://www.rba.gov.au/media-releases/2015/mr-15-23.html (Accessed on 14 September 2016). Rex (2016) ANNUAL REPORT FOR THE FINANCIAL YEAR ENDED 30 JUNE 2016 REGIONAL EXPRESS HOLDINGS LIMITED. [Online]. Available at: https://www.rex.com.au/AboutRex/InvestorRelations/img/AR_FY1516.pdf (Accessed on 15 September 2016). Scutt, D. (2016) Australian economic growth is roaring. [Online]. Available at: https://www.businessinsider.com.au/australia-q1-gdp-report-2016-6 (Accessed on 15 September 2016). Trading Economics (2016) Australia Inflation Rate. [Online]. Available at: https://www.tradingeconomics.com/australia/inflation-cpi (Accessed on 14 September 2016). Virgin Australia (2015) Virgin Australia Group Annual Report 2015. [Online]. Available at: https://www.virginaustralia.com/cs/groups/internetcontent/@wc/documents/webcontent/~edisp/annual-report-2015.pdf (Accessed on 14 September 2016). X rates (2016) Australian Dollar Rates table. [Online]. Available at: https://www.xrates.com/table/?from=AUDamount=1 (Accessed on 15 September 2016).